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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 70(1): 139-146, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-888074

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a utilização periódica de testes de diagnóstico mais sensíveis aliados às práticas de manejo, visando ao controle eficaz da artrite encefalite caprina (CAE). Foram realizadas oito coletas de sangue em matrizes e reprodutores. Da primeira à sétima análise, as coletas foram quadrimestrais, utilizando-se os testes de imunodifusão em gel de agarose (IDGA), ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISA-i) e Western Blot (WB). A oitava coleta aconteceu seis meses após a sétima, utilizando-se o WB e a reação em cadeia de polimerase (PCR). A prevalência da CAE foi de 6,8%, 14,9% e 39,2% no IDGA, ELISA-i e WB, respectivamente. Na última análise, foram detectados 0,9% de animais positivos pelo WB e 10,8% pela PCR. Apesar de não erradicarem a CAE, as medidas adotadas, aliadas à utilização periódica dos testes sorológicos e à combinação com a PCR, foram importantes para reduzir significativamente os animais soropositivos no rebanho.(AU)


The aim of this study was to evaluate the periodic use of more sensitive diagnostic tests associated to management practices for the effective control of caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE). We carried out eight blood samples in does and bucks. From the first to the seventh analysis, the samples were quarterly, using Agarose Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID), Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (i-ELISA) and Western Blot (WB) tests. The eighth collection was made six months after the seventh, using the WB and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The prevalence of CAE was 6.8%, 14.9% and 39.2% in the AGID, i-ELISA and WB respectively. The last analysis detected 0.9% of animals positive by WB and 10.8% by PCR. Although they do not eradicate CAE, steps taken together with the periodic use of serological tests and the combination with PCR were important to significantly reduce positive animals in the herd.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Arthritis/diagnosis , Ruminants/abnormalities , Strategic Planning , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
2.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 84: e0542016, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-887837

ABSTRACT

Caprine arthritis encephalitis causes considerable losses in goat production. The main form of the caprine arthritis encephalitis virus transmission is through the ingestion of colostrum or milk from infected females. However, some transmissions cannot be explained in this manner. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate transplacental transmission of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. Blood samples were collected from 283 newborn kids of Anglo-Nubian and Saanen breeds born from seropositive and seronegative goats. Samples were collected immediately after birth and analyzed with agarose gel immunodiffusion and western blot. All samples were negative in the agarose gel immunodiffusion. However, the western blot test demonstrated that four kids were born positive for caprine arthritis encephalitis virus. This result indicates that although in a low frequency (1.4%), there is a possibility of transplacental transmission of small ruminant lentivirus.(AU)


A artrite encefalite caprina causa perdas consideráveis para a produção caprina. A principal forma de transmissão do vírus da artrite encefalite caprina é a ingestão de colostro ou leite de fêmeas infectadas. No entanto, algumas transmissões não podem ser explicadas por esta via. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a transmissão do vírus da artrite encefalite caprina por via transplacentária (vertical). Foram realizadas coletas de sangue em 283 crias recém-nascidas das raças Anglo-Nubiana e Saanen, provenientes de progenitores soropositivos e soronegativos. As amostras foram coletadas logo após o nascimento e analisadas pelas técnicas de imunodifusão em gel de agarose e western blot. No teste de imunodifusão em gel de agarose, nenhum cabrito foi detectado reagente. Porém, no teste de western blot, quatro cabritos nasceram soropositivos. Esse resultado indica que, apesar de baixa frequência (1,4%), existe a possibilidade de transmissão via transplacentária do lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Infant, Newborn , Ruminants , Lentiviruses, Ovine-Caprine , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Livestock Industry , Animals, Newborn/virology
3.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 46(3): 867-874, July-Sept. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-755808

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted in order to evaluate the transmission of caprine lentivirus to sheep using different experimental groups. The first one (colostrum group) was formed by nine lambs receiving colostrum from goats positive for small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV). The second group (milk group) was established by nine lambs that received milk of these goats. Third was a control group, consisting of lambs that suckled colostrum and milk of negative mothers. Another experimental group (contact group) was formed by eight adult sheep, confined with two naturally infected goats. The groups were monitored by immunoblotting (IB), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR). All lambs that suckled colostrum and milk of infected goats and six sheep of the contact group had positive results in the nPCR, although seroconversion was detected only in three of the exposed animals, with no clinical lentiviruses manifestation, in 720 days of observation. There was a close relationship between viral sequences obtained from infected animals and the prototype CAEV-Cork. Thus, it was concluded that SRLV can be transmitted from goats to sheep, however, the degree of adaptation of the virus strain to the host species probably interferes with the infection persistence and seroconversion rate.

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Subject(s)
Animals , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine/pathogenicity , Colostrum/virology , Goat Diseases/transmission , Lentivirus Infections/transmission , Sheep Diseases/transmission , Visna-maedi virus/pathogenicity , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Goat Diseases/virology , Goats/virology , Host-Pathogen Interactions/physiology , Lentivirus Infections/virology , Ruminants/virology , Seroconversion/physiology , Sheep Diseases/virology , Sheep/virology
4.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 52(4): 283-297, 2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-780256

ABSTRACT

Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a chronic disease caused by a small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV), which causes significant losses in goat breeding. The actual state of animal infection with SRLV is difficult to determine due to a complex pathogenesis of the virus, including factors such as delayed or intermittent seroconversion in serological tests. Several serological techniques are available for disease diagnosis, such as screening or confirmation tests, which are different in sensitivity and specificity. Regarding the choice of the test to be applied, availability of commercial immunoreagents, team training, antigen used, and cost of techniques must be considered. This review presents the serological methods available for use in different stages of CAE control and eradication programs, and management measures to be adopted in conjunction with serological diagnosis of the disease...


A artrite encefalite caprina (CAE) é uma enfermidade crônica causada por um lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes (LVPR), que ocasiona perdas significativas na caprinocultura. O estado real da infecção animal pelo LVPR é de difícil determinação em virtude da complexa patogenia do vírus, incluindo fatores como soroconversão tardia ou intermitente em testes sorológicos. Para o diagnóstico da enfermidade, diversas técnicas sorológicas estão disponíveis, como testes de triagem ou confirmatórios, com variações na sensibilidade e especificidade. Para escolha do teste a ser usado, a disponibilidade de imunorreagentes comerciais, o treinamento da equipe, o antígeno utilizado, e o custo das técnicas devem ser considerados. Esta revisão apresenta os métodos sorológicos disponíveis para uso em diferentes fases dos programas de controle e erradicação da CAE e as medidas de manejo que devem ser adotadas em conjunto com o diagnóstico sorológico da enfermidade...


Subject(s)
Animals , Ruminants , Serologic Tests/methods , Serologic Tests/veterinary , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Immunization/veterinary , Immunodiffusion/veterinary , Lentivirus Infections/veterinary , Blotting, Western/veterinary
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